![]() Increased blood viscosity may decrease inner ear blood supply and cause inner ear damage. Hyperlipidaemia may contribute to cochlear ischaemia due to increased blood viscosity. Cochlear ischaemia is considered to be one of the most important causes of idiopathic SSNHL. It is very sensitive to alterations in blood circulation. The cochlea is an end organ, which is metabolically dependent on a nutrient and oxygen supply to maintain its normal physiological function. Vascular damages may result in cochlear ischaemia and hypoxia. According to vascular aetiology theories, the sudden loss of hearing could result from an acute vascular haemorrhage, occlusion by emboli, vascular diseases, vasospasms, or changes in blood viscosity. Vascular abnormalities are one of the two most common theories for the aetiology of idiopathic SSNHL the other is inflammatory reactions (most often viral). To date, there have been several proposed mechanisms for idiopathic SSNHL, which include viral infections immune-mediated mechanisms damage, including noise trauma inflammatory events otologic and metabolic diseases ototoxic chemicals and drugs head trauma neoplasms and vascular disturbances. The diagnosis of idiopathic SSNHL can be made definitively when no causes are found. ![]() It is estimated that a cause is identified in only 10% of patients with SSNHL. SSNHL can have varying causes and aetiologies. It is characterized by sudden onset, and, within a few hours, it reaches its maximum peak. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is typically defined as a rapid hearing loss of at least 30 dB in 3 contiguous audiometric frequencies within 3 days. The ATH index can be used as a marker indicating the risk of idiopathic SSNHL when the conventional lipid indices are still normal. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that of these three indices, only higher values of the ATH index were significantly associated with an increased risk of idiopathic SSNHL. Higher values of the apoB/apoA-I ratio, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic index (ATH index) in patients with SSNHL indicated increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. However, there were no significant differences in the conventional parameters of lipid metabolism (TC, TG and HDL-C) between patients with idiopathic SSNHL and subjects in the control group. Resultsĭetailed analysis of lipid metabolism in patients with idiopathic SSNHL has shown that disturbances in auditory function are associated with increased atherogenicity of the lipid profile. Several clinical ratios and indices of lipid metabolism were calculated. The plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, apoB and apoE were measured with commercially available kits (Chronolab Systems, Spain). All of the subjects underwent complete audiological examination. MethodsĪ case-controlled study was conducted of 27 patients with idiopathic SSNHL and 24 healthy control subjects. ![]() The objective of this study was to establish whether increased lipid levels affect the risk of idiopathic SSNHL. However, the published results that hyperlipidaemia causes hearing problems are contradictory. ![]() The importance of blood lipids in the pathogenesis of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is widely discussed in the literature.
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